The performance of open-water swimmers (OWS) is influenced by a complex process encompassing multiple factorial phenomenon, with recent research stating that anthropometric, bioenergetics, biomechanics, and propelling efficiency all play an important role in OWS performance (Vanheest et al., 2004; Baldassarre et al., 2017). Beside, evidence result suggests that extreme environmental conditions might characterize and effect successful open-water swimmers (Baldassarre et al., 2017). Therefore, controlling and monitoring training programmes in order to balance physical well-being and foster performance that provide valuable information to coaches for directly applicable and appropriate training periodization must be harmonized, particularly in young open-water swimmers. Their research results suggested that young open-water swimming, proper training conditions of use, and avoiding health problem issues not only play a significant role in increasing swimming performance but also benefit long-term athlete development. Healthy physical fitness and well-being is marker of health that has increased the interest of researchers in the context of young athletes. Previous studies have identified factors that influence open-water performance in these segments, such as training characteristics (Baldassarre et al., 2017; Pla et al., 2019), biomechanical characteristics (Baldassarre et al., 2017), physiological athletes' adaptive responses (anthropometric, aerobic and anaerobic capacity and power, muscular strength and endurance, heart rate variability: HRV) (Vanheest et al., 2004; Baldassarre et al. 2018). As a result, the successful of the OWS race or the swimmer with the fastest finishing time is not usually determined by physiological and biomechanical point of view, but rather by overall physical fitness and well-being. Monitoring swimming performance requires integrated and longitudinal measures to better understand the phenomenon and gives a deeper and more reliable (Zacca et al., 2020). Training monitorization of different psychological and physiological (Clemente-Suarez et al., 2021), energetics, technique and anthropometrics (Zacca et al., 2020) parameters has been commonly used in swimming. From these perspectives, monitoring a complex process of the individual performance, physical fitness and stress response to training particularly in young OWS is necessary, to maintain the unique balance required for homeostasis. Since biophysics (biomechanical and metabolic), physical and anthropometrics are all directly associated to OWS performance (Baldassarre et al. 2017), it is important for coaches to understand how these variables change with training during a training macrocycle. Therefore, we quantified changes of the performance, anthropometrics, health related physical fitness, and bioenergetics and biomechanics variables over a 12 weeks training macrocycle in age-group open water swimmers. Based on the literature (Baldassarre et al. 2017; Zacca et al., 2020), we hypothesized that the performance, health-related physical fitness and bioenergetics and biomechanics variables components would significantly improve and also explain variation in young OWS fitness levels during the third marcocycle of the traditional three peak preparation program.
© Copyright 2023 XIVth International Symposium on Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming Proceedings. Julkaistu Tekijä evoletics Media. Kaikki oikeudet pidätetään. / Kääntänyt https://www.DeepL.com/Translator