The aim of this study is to test the Regulatory Focus Theory to predict emotional intensities after competition. A sample of gymnasts (n = 273; 239 women) competing at different levels was randomly confronted with two precompetitive contexts. The first one induced prevention-focused strategy (Closses) whereas the second one induced promotion-focused strategy (Cgain). Then, from each context, competition results were proposed (Succes vs Failure). After lecture of each context, participants completed the regulatory focus strategies scale, and after the presentation of results, they completed the emotional frequency questionnaire. According to hypotheses, mixed ANOVAs with repeated measures revealed that (a) cheerfulness was significantly greater in Cgain than Closses, and conversely, (b) agitation was greater in Closses than Cgain. In a particularly interesting way, the study revealed results opposed to the hypotheses, dejection being significantly greater in Closses than Cgain, suggesting a specificity of sport competition context on emotion.
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