Introduction: Sports induce morphological and functional adaptations in the human heart that directly relate to the type, duration and intensity of training and the years of practice. These changes are present in different ways in the electrocardio­gram. A high QRS voltage is the most significant finding. Its correlation with left ventricular hypertrophy is low. In this study, the aim was to determine if a relationship exists between electrocardiographic alterations of left ventricular hypertrophy and somatotype in high performance athletes. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, quantitative, multiple correlation, observational and analytical study of a database of 180 resting electrocardiograms and anthropometric evaluations of men´s soccer, women´s soccer, swimming, cycling, basketball, and tennis athletes was performed. A database containing somatotype and Sokolow-Lyon electrocardiographic voltage criteria was created. Results: The study group was composed of 83.3% men and 16.7% women. Age ranged from 10 to 51 years with a mean of 19.73 ± 5.8. Weight ranged from 35.90 to 122.3 kg with a mean of 66.98 ± 12.67 and height ranged from 143 to 213 cm with a mean of 174.11 ± 10.29 cm. Endomorphy for the entire group ranged from 1.0 to 5.7 with a mean of 2.5 ± 0.9. Mesomorphy ranged from 1.6 to 7.1 with a mean of 4.2 ± 0.95. Ectomorphy ranged from 1.1 to 5.8 with a mean of 2.9 ± 0.96. The structural equation model had a normal multivariable distribution of 3.161, reaching a Pearson of .26 for mesomorphy with a goodness of fit and a variance of 0% for mesomorphy and left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusion: Based on the findings, we can say that somatotype does not predict left ventricular hypertrophy in high per­formance athletes.
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