There are innumerable "waza" (techniques) in Judo, however, they may be generally classified into the "Nage-waza" (throwing technique), the "Katame-waza" (grappling technique), and the "Atemi-waza" (art of attacking vital points). By means of the "Nage-waza" , one throws his Opponent; by means of the "Katame-waza" one holds down his Opponent, and to this latter group of techniques belong the " Shime-waza" (stranglehold) and the "Kansetsu-waza" (bonelock); by means of the "Atemi-waza" one strikes, thrusts or kicks his opponent`s vital points. The "Kansetsu-waza" which belongs to the "Katame-waza" group of techniques is a technique by which a joint of the Opponent is extended, flexed, supinated, or pronated beyond the ränge of its normal movability, thereby restraining the Opponent. The primitive form of "Kansetsu-waza" was already known in the seventeenth Century, and was practiced as one of the techniques of Jujutsu, the prototype of Judo, after which it gradually evolved and became systematized into the present day form of the "Kansetsu-waza".
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